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The Collège de France ((:kɔlɛʒ də fʁɑ̃s)) is a renowned higher education and research establishment (''Grand établissement'') in France. It is located in Paris, in the 5th arrondissement, or Latin Quarter, across the street from the historical campus of La Sorbonne at the intersection of Rue Saint-Jacques and Rue des Écoles. It was established in 1530 by King Francis I of France, modeled after the Collegium Trilingue in Louvain, at the urging of Guillaume Budé. Of humanist inspiration, the school was established as an alternative to the Sorbonne to promote such disciplines as Hebrew, Ancient Greek (the first teacher being the celebrated scholar Janus Lascaris) and Mathematics.〔''Byzance et l'Europe : Colloque à la Maison de l'Europe, Paris, 22 avril 1994'', H. Antoniadis-Bibicou (Ed.), 2001, ISBN/ISSN/EAN: 291142720.〕 Initially called Collège Royal, and later Collège des Trois Langues (Latin: Collegium Trilingue), Collège National, and Collège Impérial, it was named Collège de France in 1870. Unusually for an institution of higher education in France, each professor is required to give lectures where attendance is free and open to anyone. The school's goal is to "teach science in the making". Professors are chosen from a variety of disciplines, in both science and the humanities. The motto of the Collège is ''Docet Omnia'', Latin for "It teaches everything", and its goal can be best summed up by Maurice Merleau-Ponty's phrase: "Not acquired truths, but the idea of free research"〔"Non pas des vérités acquises, mais l'idée d'une recherche libre". The entire sentence is in fact: "Ce que le Collège de France, depuis sa fondation, est chargé de donner à ses auditeurs, ce ne sont pas des vérités acquises, c'est l'idée d'une recherche libre." From Merleau-Ponty's inaugural lecture at the Collège de France, reproduced in: Maurice Merleau-Ponty, ''Éloge de la philosophie et autres essais'', Paris: Gallimard, 1989, p. 13. 〕 which is inscribed in golden letters above the main hall. The Collège does not grant degrees but has research laboratories and one of the best research libraries of Europe, with sections focusing on history with rare books, humanities, social sciences and also chemistry or physics. As of June 2009, over 650 audio podcasts of Collège de France lectures are available on iTunes. Some are also available in English and Chinese. Similarly, the Collège de France's website hosts several videos of classes. ==Faculty== The faculty of the Collège de France currently comprises fifty-two Professors, elected by the Professors themselves from among Francophone scholars in subjects including mathematics, physics, chemistry, biology, history, archaeology, linguistics, oriental studies, philosophy, the social sciences and other fields. Two chairs are reserved for foreign scholars who are invited to give lectures. Notable faculty members include Serge Haroche, awarded with Nobel Prize in Physics in 2012. Past faculty include: * Raymond Aron * Jean François Boissonade de Fontarabie * Etienne Baluze * Roland Barthes * Émile Benveniste * Henri Bergson * Claude Bernard * Marcelin Berthelot * Yves Bonnefoy * Pierre Boulez * Pierre Bourdieu * Jean-François Champollion * Jean-Pierre Changeux * Anne Cheng〔"(Anne Cheng Biographie )." ((Archive )) Collège de France. Retrieved on 11 December 2013.〕 * Georges Cuvier * Marie Henri d'Arbois de Jubainville * Jean Darcet * Jacques-Arsène d'Arsonval * Pierre-Gilles de Gennes * Émile Deschanel * Georges Duby * Georges Dumézil * Lucien Febvre * Oronce Fine * Michel Foucault * Ferdinand André Fouqué * Etienne Fourmont * Jean-Baptiste Gail * Charles Gide * Étienne Gilson * Jerzy Grotowski * Martial Gueroult * Ian Hacking * Eugène Auguste Ernest Havet * Françoise Héritier * Frédéric Joliot * Alfred Jost * Stanislas Julien * Edouard Rene Lefebvre de Laboulaye * Sylvestre François Lacroix * René Laennec * Paul Langevin * René Leriche * Emmanuel Le Roy Ladurie * Claude Lévi-Strauss * André Lichnerowicz * Alfred Loisy * Edmond Malinvaud * Henri Maspero * Louis Massignon * Marcel Mauss * Maurice Merleau-Ponty * Jules Michelet * Adam Mickiewicz * Jean-Baptiste Morin * Alexis Paulin Paris * Paul Pelliot * François Pétis de la Croix * Guillaume Postel * Edgar Quinet * Petrus Ramus * Henri Victor Regnault * Jean-Pierre Abel-Rémusat * Jean-Baptiste Say * Victor Scialac * Jean-Pierre Serre * François Simiand * Gabriel Sionita * Paul Valéry * François Vatable * Jean-Pierre Vernant * Jean Yoyotte〔 (Nécrologie de M. Jean Yoyotte (1927-2009) par Christiane Zivie-Coche )〕 * Don Zagier 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Collège de France」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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